Wildfire
Column: Positive momentum through relationships for Lake Tahoe
Submitted by paula on Fri, 01/15/2021 - 8:21pmLike many residents and visitors of Lake Tahoe, I have had the good fortune of running, hiking, swimming, skiing, dining, lodging and otherwise living in and around Lake Tahoe nearly all of my life. Tahoe has played a vital role in the development of my most treasured relationship, with my wife Lisa, where we both learned to care for much more than ourselves, and where we were married 25 years ago on the west shore.
Column: 2020 Highlights from your Water and Sewer District
Submitted by paula on Tue, 12/29/2020 - 3:17pmSOUTH LAKE TAHOE, Calif. - Back in the 1940s, before South Tahoe Public Utility
District existed, sewage flowed directly into beautiful Lake Tahoe. Citizens rallied to sign a petition to form the District and this year marks our 70th anniversary. From a single septic field to an award-winning 7.7 million gallon per day wastewater treatment facility, with 100% recycled water and biosolids, a lot
has changed over the years.
Tahoe Best in the Basin Award winners announced
Submitted by paula on Sun, 12/20/2020 - 5:15pmSeven outstanding restoration, sustainability, and construction projects were recognized as recipients of Best in the Basin awards by the Tahoe Regional Planning Agency (TRPA) during an online meeting of the agency’s Governing Board. The projects and programs each exhibit outstanding planning and execution and lead the way in environmental stewardship in the Lake Tahoe Region, according to the agency.
Column: 2020 fire year highlights importance of forest health
Submitted by paula on Mon, 12/14/2020 - 7:39pmLAKE TAHOE, Calif./Nev. - The new Lake Tahoe Basin Management Unit Deputy Forest Supervisor Danelle D. Harrison is our guest columnist and looks back, and ahead, to the health of Lake Tahoe
Looking Back
December is a special time of year when our thoughts turn to family and friends, and communities come together to celebrate the season. It also marks the end of the year. And what a year it was. Together, we experienced unprecedented events including a record-breaking wildland fire year in the Pacific Southwest Region.
Nevada under new safety measures after surge of COVID-19 deaths and positivity rate
Submitted by paula on Sun, 11/22/2020 - 5:52pmGovernor Steve Sisolak announced a "at least a three-week statewide pause" to protect Nevadans from the pandemic due to a surge in positive cases and deaths. Starting Tuesday, November 24 at 12:01 a.m. there will be tighter business restrictions and a stricter mask mandate in the state of Nevada.
Many thought he would be calling for a shutdown in the state, but instead he chose the "pause" at this time. Sisolak said ten percent of all COVID-19 cases in Nevada since beginning of pandemic have been recorded in the last seven days.
How to know when that smoke you see is from prescribed burns around Lake Tahoe
Submitted by paula on Thu, 11/19/2020 - 12:52pmSouth Tahoe Now, the US Forest Service and the Tahoe Fire and Fuels Team communicate to the public whenever there is a prescribed burn operation planned for the Lake Tahoe Basin. Spotting smoke can always be a concern so its helpful to stay informed when prescribed fire operations are underway.
Tahoe Fund calls for projects to fund that help preserve the Lake Tahoe Basin
Submitted by paula on Tue, 11/17/2020 - 10:36amLAKE TAHOE, Calif./Nev. - The Tahoe Fund has kicked off its annual Request for Projects process, a time they seek applications seeking funds of $5,000 to 1,000,000 to complete their goals to help preserve Lake Tahoe.
The funding for projects are designed to restore Lake Tahoe’s famed clarity, create healthier forests, improve transportation, create more sustainable recreation, and inspire greater stewardship in the region.
Workshop to help builders create homes to withstand wildfire
Submitted by paula on Tue, 11/10/2020 - 8:48amEvent Date:
November 18, 2020 - 5:30pm
Building professionals are invited to join a free virtual workshop from 5:30 p.m. to 7:30 p.m. on November 18 to learn how to design, build, and retrofit homes to withstand wildfire.
USFS facilities around Lake Tahoe start seasonal closures
Submitted by paula on Mon, 11/02/2020 - 11:16amSOUTH LAKE TAHOE, Calif. - The USDA Forest Service Lake Tahoe Basin Management Unit has begun closing recreational facilities for the winter season. Seasonal closures apply to many National Forest recreation sites in the Tahoe Basin including beaches, campgrounds, picnic areas and forest roads.
USFS reminds all that fire restrictions remain in place around Lake Tahoe
Submitted by paula on Fri, 10/30/2020 - 3:49pmDue to continued dangerous wildfire conditions, emergency fire restrictions remain in effect across all National Forest lands in California, including both the California and Nevada sides of the Lake Tahoe Basin.
Smoking outdoors and all recreational fires, including campfires, bonfires, warming fires, wood fires, charcoal fires, or any other kind of outdoor fires, involving solid fuels are prohibited.
View the Forest Order at https://go.usa.gov/x7W7M.
Lake Tahoe area firefighters at scene of small fire above Chimney Beach
Submitted by paula on Fri, 10/30/2020 - 3:23pm6:00 p.m. Update - The Thunder Fire is contained and is in mop-up status thanks to a quick response by local, state and federal firefighters. No structures were threatened and no injuries were reported. The cause of the fire is under investigation.
Note: Mop-up means to extinguish or remove burning material near control lines, fell snags, and trench logs to prevent rolling after an area has burned, to make a fire safe, or to reduce residual smoke.
CCC Tahoe Center corpsmembers help communities recover and prepare after fires
Submitted by paula on Wed, 10/28/2020 - 6:52pmSOUTH LAKE TAHOE, Calif. - Long after the fire trucks have come and gone, the threat to a community impacted by wildfire remains. It’s a less obvious threat than a towering inferno destroying homes and ripping through forests and hillsides. It is a hidden threat that arrives with winter rains and California Conservation Corps Corpsmembers are helping communities stay safe from it—toxic runoff, including those from the South Lake Tahoe center.
City Council candidates respond to South Lake Tahoe Chamber questions
Submitted by paula on Tue, 10/20/2020 - 4:23pmSOUTH LAKE TAHOE, Calif. - The South Tahoe Chamber of Commerce Board recently asked the nine City Council candidates ten questions they felt were of most importance to its members. The questions focused mainly on topics relating to things that will or may affect both the local small businesses and the community in general.
Their board made the decision to not endorse a specific candidate this election, but instead rank them based on how much they align with the South Tahoe Chamber of Commerce goals based on their answers to the questions below.
Al Tahoe Firewise Community volunteers to perform property assessments
Submitted by paula on Tue, 10/20/2020 - 9:11amSOUTH LAKE TAHOE, Calif. - With the support of South Lake Tahoe Fire Rescue (SLTFR), the Al Tahoe neighborhood has begun the process of becoming a certified Firewise USA ® recognized neighborhood.
As part of the application process, SLTFR and Al Tahoe community volunteers will be walking in the Al Tahoe neighborhood October 27-30 and performing random wildfire risk assessment/evaluations on 20 percent of the 1520 properties from the street.
The volunteers will have bright yellow vests on so they can be easily identified
Column: Turning lessons into transportation solutions
Submitted by paula on Fri, 10/16/2020 - 4:10pmAutumn’s reflections have begun and Lake Tahoe’s forests and wildlife are preparing for the winter. While fall is generally a treasured time of year at the lake, a sense of uneasiness hangs in the crisp air as we brace for the next phase of the COVID crisis.
Summer was record breaking on many fronts. Businesses and agencies with major staff and budget shortages were suddenly required to manage the pandemic, following strict protocols. Trash overflowed on our pristine beaches and roadways. Follow that with more than 8,300 wildfires and 4 million acres burned in California alone.
Virtual UC Davis lecture: Impacts of Wildfire Smoke on Human Health
Submitted by paula on Thu, 10/15/2020 - 1:25pmEvent Date:
October 29, 2020 - 12:00pm
Join UC Davis for a virtual lecture on the Impacts of Wildfire Smoke on Human Health with Kent Pinkerton, Ph.D. on Thursday, October 29 at 12:00 p.m.
STPUD candidates respond to questions
Submitted by paula on Wed, 10/14/2020 - 8:37pmSOUTH LAKE TAHOE, Calif. - There are three open seats on the South Tahoe Public Utility Board of Directors this election season, two for a four-year term and one for a two-year term.
South Tahoe Now reached out to the candidates and below are their answers to a set of questions. For the two four-year terms, incumbent Kelly Sheehan is running for reelection, Duane Wallace is running after being appointed to fill Jim Jones's spot on the board until this election, and they are joined by David Peterson.
Free screening of the award-winning film Wilder Than Wild extended two more weeks
Submitted by paula on Mon, 10/12/2020 - 12:30pmThe free virtual screening of the Wilder Than Wild film has been extended through October 25.
If you missed the first presentation, you're in luck!
The award-winning documentary Wilder Than Wild: Fire, Forests, and the Future reveals how fire suppression and climate change have exposed Western landscapes to large, high-intensity wildfires. The sixty-minute film explores strategies that are being developed to help mitigate the impact of these fires.
American Red Cross in need of volunteers
Submitted by paula on Fri, 10/09/2020 - 2:05pmThe American Red Cross volunteer workforce is spread thin with the number of disasters currently across the country. It has been a very active hurricane and wildfire season and they have an urgent need for volunteers who want to make a difference in the lives of those affected by disaster.
The easiest way to sign up is to visit https://www.redcross.org/volunteer/become-a-volunteer.html (find urgent needs here) for jobs from shelter associates and managers to health services.
New forestry program headed to Lake Tahoe Community College
Submitted by paula on Fri, 10/09/2020 - 11:17amSOUTH LAKE TAHOE, Calif. - A new Forestry Education and Job Placement program is heading to Lake Tahoe Community College (LTCC) in South Lake Tahoe.
To get things started, the California Tahoe Conservancy Board awarded the college a $351,000 grant and $480,000 was received from CAL Fire’s Forest Health Grant Program. LTCC has hired Kim Carr as their contracted consultant on the project and she helped write the grants and secure funding for the new avenue of education in South Lake Tahoe. She is bringing 30 years of forestry and environmental experience to the college.
Besides being prepared for fall wildfires, yard cleanup now helps save time next spring
Submitted by paula on Thu, 10/08/2020 - 6:57pmAs fall approaches, and we think about spending more time inside, devote just a little more time outside to get your yard cleaned up and prepared for winter.
The Tahoe Fire and Fuels Team (TFFT) is reminding residents to make preparations now to be ready for fall wildfires and to save time and energy next spring.
Forest Service extends emergency fire restrictions in California including all of Lake Tahoe Basin
Submitted by paula on Thu, 10/08/2020 - 1:16pmThe US Forest Service has extended its emergency fire restrictions across all National Forest lands in California. This involves all USFS land in the Lake Tahoe Basin on both sides of the state line.
Smoking and all recreational fires, including campfires, bonfires, warming fires, wood fires, charcoal fires, or any other kind of outdoor fires, involving solid fuels are prohibited.
With the ongoing threat of wildfire and a very dry season, the danger of fire remains too high to allow recreational fires.
Fire Chief tells how Measure S can help fund needs in South Lake Tahoe
Submitted by paula on Mon, 10/05/2020 - 9:49pmSOUTH LAKE TAHOE, Calif. - It will be hard to find someone in favor of taxes, but with them being the reason many things in this world are funded, they are accepted to some degree.
On November 3, the City of South Lake Tahoe will be asking voters for support of a one-cent local sales tax known as Measure S.
SLT Council Candidate John Friedrich
Submitted by paula on Sat, 10/03/2020 - 1:23pmSouth Tahoe Now reached out to all nine candidates for South Lake Tahoe City Council and provided the same list of questions to each one of them. Once a day their answers will be published in the order received.
Today's candidate is John Friedrich
Profession: Founder and Director, Tahoe Green Jobs Initiative
How many years in SLT: 15
Teens 4 Tahoe hosts Wilder Than Wild virtual screening
Submitted by paula on Wed, 09/30/2020 - 10:10amEvent Date:
October 4, 2020 - 5:00pm
Teens 4 Tahoe, an environmental stewardship group formed by six teens in collaboration with the nonprofit Tahoe Fund, will host a free virtual screening of the award-winning documentary Wilder Than Wild: Fire, Forests, and the Future on October 4, 2020 from 5:00 p.m. to 7:00 p.m. The virtual event, proposed by the teens living in Tahoe and around the Bay Area, will be the group’s first effort to help educate their peers about wildfire preparedness. It will include viewing of the one-hour long documentary followed by an online Q&A session with Kevin White, the film’s producer.
Week-long series "Getting to Net Zero in Tahoe: Taking Local Climate Action"
Submitted by paula on Thu, 09/24/2020 - 7:44amEvent Date:
October 5, 2020 (All day)
The Tahoe Climate Change Action Network (TCCAN) is hosting a week of online events with opportunities to connect individual, community and regional efforts to the global movement to ensure we are counting down to a better, carbon neutral future.
Very high fire danger at Lake Tahoe; Red Flag Warning through Friday
Submitted by paula on Thu, 09/17/2020 - 1:29pmLAKE TAHOE, Calif./Nev. - The Lake Tahoe Basin is under Red Flag/Critical Fire Weather conditions through 11:00 p.m. Friday.
California is extremely stressed for resources and it is important for residents and guests to understand the dangers these weather conditions present.
With 70-90 mph ridge winds and low humidity values predicted Thursday night into Friday along the crest of the Sierra, any spark could easily become a catastrophic wildfire.
NV Energy cancels power shut off originally planned for Incline Village
Submitted by paula on Thu, 09/17/2020 - 9:32amINCLINE VILLAGE, Nev. - The Public Safety Outage Management (PSOM) event previously forecast for Friday, September 18 for the Incline Zone is canceled due to updated weather forecasts.
There is a Red Flag warning at Lake Tahoe with elevated fire weather conditions and NV Energy will continue to monitor conditions and take extra steps to mitigate wildfire risk. This includes staging their line crews, vegetation management crews and fire agency partners at specific locations around the lake.
NV Energy may shut off power to Incline Village for safety concerns
Submitted by paula on Wed, 09/16/2020 - 10:18amUPDATE 9/17 10:45AM: The Public Safety Outage Management (PSOM) event previously forecast for Friday, September 18 for the Incline Zone is canceled due to updated weather forecasts.
There is a Red Flag warning at Lake Tahoe with elevated fire weather conditions and NV Energy will continue to monitor conditions and take extra steps to mitigate wildfire risk. This includes staging their line crews, vegetation management crews and fire agency partners at specific locations around the lake.
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FAQs from the US Forest Service on closures
Submitted by paula on Tue, 09/15/2020 - 12:55pmThe USFS regional emergency closures have created a lot of questions from forest recreational users. Here are the frequently asked questions (FAQ) provided by the Forest Service:
Q) Is there an imminent threat of fire, are we in immediate danger?
Washoe County issues very first Stage 2 air pollution warning
Submitted by paula on Sun, 09/13/2020 - 11:48amWASHOE COUNTY, Nev. - The Washoe County Health District – Air Quality Management Division (AQMD) has issued a Stage 2 Air Pollution Warning for Washoe County based on current air pollution levels. This warning means that all residents should stay indoors and reduce activity levels due to the susceptibility of increased health risks.
This is the first Stage 2 warning ever issued by the Health District and is in place until further notice.
Van Sickle Bi-State Park, Upper Truckee Marsh and other areas closed for public safety
Submitted by paula on Fri, 09/11/2020 - 7:50pmSOUTH LAKE TAHOE, Calif. - The California Tahoe Conservancy has temporarily closed multiple high-use Conservancy properties for public safety. The Conservancy intends these closures to complement similar temporary closures of National Forest Lands to protect the public and firefighters during this time of unprecedented and historic fire conditions.
Temporarily closed sites include:
- Van Sickle Bi-State Park (includes both California and Nevada sides of the park)
- Upper Truckee Marsh (except for Cove East area, accessed by Venice Drive)
- Eagle Rock
Dense Smoke Advisory for Lake Tahoe through Friday at minimum
Submitted by paula on Thu, 09/10/2020 - 1:49pmSOUTH LAKE TAHOE, Calif. - After one day of blue skies above Lake Tahoe, smoke once again has filled the Basin. According to the National Weather Service (NWS) in Reno, the smoke is from multiple fires including the Fork Fire west of Lake Tahoe which sent some smoke into Emerald Bay on Wednesday.
NWS Reno has just issued a Dense Smoke Advisory which is in effect now through Friday at 5:00 p.m. due to the smoke moving into the area faster than previously forecast.
If there is fire, do you know how and when to leave South Lake Tahoe?
Submitted by paula on Wed, 09/09/2020 - 3:53pmSOUTH LAKE TAHOE, Calif. - 2020 is turning out to be a year of large fires in California, and the South Lake Tahoe area is not immune from the danger of wildfire. It is very important to be prepared in case you must evacuate.
Benjamin Franklin said, “If you fail to plan, you are planning to fail.”
Listed below are ways those in the South Lake Tahoe can start to plan, in hopes the plans never have to be used.
If there were just two things residents should know, South Lake Tahoe Fire Chief Clive Savacol said it would be to "evacuate early" and "have a plan."
South Lake Tahoe Climate Action Review Plan focus of public workshop
Submitted by paula on Tue, 09/08/2020 - 3:06pmEvent Date:
September 9, 2020 - 5:00pm
SOUTH LAKE TAHOE, Calif. - The community is invited to a webinar to review the City of South Lake Tahoe's draft Climate Action Plan (CAP) on Wednesday, September 9 from 5:00 p.m. to 6:00 p.m.
The City has completed its draft CAP and is in the midst of the public review period. This CAP is critical for reducing emissions in the region and will also provide benefits to the community through supporting local economic development, improving wildfire resilience, reducing air pollution, improving traffic conditions, and improving public health and quality of life.
Forests, campgrounds and day-use areas to close in California and Lake Tahoe Basin
Submitted by paula on Mon, 09/07/2020 - 12:58pmSOUTH LAKE TAHOE, Calif. - All campgrounds and day use areas on U.S. Forest Service land in California and the Lake Tahoe Basin must close at 5:00 p.m. Monday, September 7 due to the unprecedented and dangerous fire conditions and extreme heat, significant wind events, dry conditions, and firefighting resources that are stretched to the limit.
The USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Region has announced the following temporary closures and fire restrictions to provide for public safety and reduce the potential for human caused fire starts:
What you need to know in Lake Tahoe this weekend: No fires allowed, wear a mask
Submitted by paula on Fri, 09/04/2020 - 10:52amSOUTH LAKE TAHOE, Calif. - As tourists fill the Lake Tahoe Basin and locals plan their holiday weekend there are rules that everyone needs to remember - no outside fires with charcoal or wood, and wear a mask.
Although people may want to take a vacation, the pandemic doesn’t so make sure you are following proper safety precautions.
South Lake Tahoe City Council candidates respond to #IRunWithMaud questions
Submitted by paula on Thu, 09/03/2020 - 4:03pmSOUTH LAKE TAHOE, Calif. - There will be two new members of the South Lake Tahoe City Council after the November 3 election. In the coming weeks the pubic will have chances to hear from the candidates both via zoom, in print and possibly in person. Below are eight of the ten candidates responses to questions asked by the local #IRunWithMaud group.
Statewide town hall to address wildfire assistance and insurance resources
Submitted by paula on Sun, 08/30/2020 - 10:52pmEvent Date:
September 4, 2020 - 1:30pm
Join Cal OES Director, Mark Ghilarducci, CA Insurance Commissioner Ricardo Lara and United Policyholders Executive Director, Amy Bach for a Statewide Virtual Town Hall on wildfires assistance and insurance resources available to renters and homeowners.
With many communities experiencing evacuations, loss of homes and the continued threat of COVID-19, it is imperative for you to have up to date information on services and resources.
Friday, September 4th at 1:30PM
Join Via ZOOM: https://tinyurl.com/CDIwildfire
FACEBOOK LIVE: Facebook.com/insurancecagov
Keeping Lake Tahoe the resilient jewel it is for the next 10,000 years
Submitted by paula on Thu, 08/27/2020 - 9:33amLAKE TAHOE, Calif./Nev. - The resiliency of Lake Tahoe was the focus of the 24th annual Lake Tahoe Summit Tuesday, held virtually instead of on the shores of the pristine lake in the Sierra Nevada many call home and even thousands more visit.
Zephyr Fire and South Lake Tahoe Fire Rescue crews help with defensible in Al Tahoe
Submitted by paula on Mon, 08/24/2020 - 7:08amSOUTH LAKE TAHOE, Calif. - The Al Tahoe neighborhood of South Lake Tahoe has been working on becoming a Fire Wise community, and this weekend's defensible space project took them closer to obtaining this recognition.
Red Flag Warning to start off the week in Lake Tahoe, ending with seasonable weather
Submitted by paula on Sun, 08/23/2020 - 6:47pmSOUTH LAKE TAHOE, Calif. - Unstable conditions will exist to start off the week with a Red Flag Warning until 11:00 a.m. Monday. The forecast is on track for thunderstorms chances through Tuesday as moisture leftover from tropical storm Genevieve moves northward through the region.
There are no thunderstorms in the forecast Wednesday through Saturday and afternoon breezes look to be on the lower-end of the spectrum. Afternoon temperatures should trend down to near normal by midweek but may start to trend warmer next weekend.
Interactive story book released to highlight the 59,000-acre Lake Tahoe West restoration project
Submitted by paula on Sun, 08/23/2020 - 10:56amSOUTH LAKE TAHOE, Calif.—Lake Tahoe West partners have released an interactive “story map” to explain ongoing and proposed actions to restore forests and watersheds across 59,000 acres of Lake Tahoe’s west shore. (StoryMap Here)
All wood and charcoal fires banned in Lake Tahoe Basin
Submitted by paula on Thu, 08/20/2020 - 10:17pmLAKE TAHOE, Calif./Nev. - In a unified move, all fire agencies around the Lake Tahoe Basin have banned all open burning utilizing wood and charcoal for the remainder of the summer, or longer if needed. This includes campgrounds with fire rings, fire pits at homes and all charcoal barbeques whether at home or at public and private facilities.
The suspension takes effect at 12:00 p.m. on Friday, August 21, 2020 and will be enforced with extinguishment and possible citations and fines.
Are you ready in case of a wildfire at Lake Tahoe?
Submitted by paula on Wed, 08/19/2020 - 6:05pmSOUTH LAKE TAHOE, Calif. - With 367 current wildfires in the state of California, fire fighting resources are spread thin. Calfire If there was a fire in South Lake Tahoe, are you prepared?
Tens of thousands of residents are evacuated from their homes in Napa, Sonoma, Santa Cruz, Salinas, Grass Valley, Nevada City and other cities in the state. Most of the fires were started by a massive lightning storm over Northern California Sunday where over 10,800 lightning strikes were observed.
Al Tahoe neighborhood defensible space clean up August 22-23
Submitted by paula on Wed, 08/19/2020 - 10:31amSOUTH LAKE TAHOE, Calif. - On Saturday and Sunday, August 22 and August 23, the Al Tahoe Community will participate in a Neighborhood Clean-up Work Day Event. The two-day event is from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. each day and is part of their efforts to become a Firewise USA certified district.
South Lake Tahoe Fire Rescue and Tahoe Douglas Fire District Zephyr Chipping crews will be in Al Tahoe both days to assist homeowners with creating good defensible space around their properties and will show homeowners how to apply Firewise strategies to reduce wildfire risk.
Eldorado Forest sees record number of illegal campfires with increased visitation
Submitted by paula on Wed, 08/12/2020 - 3:22pmForest officials everywhere are saying: Recreate Responsibly.
Despite large campaigns about fire restrictions and "pack it in pack it out," many visitors to the Eldorado National Forest are not acting responsibly.
Fire and law enforcement officers had another busy weekend contacting a record numbers of visitors about campfires they had made that are not allowed under the current fire restrictions in the Eldorado National Forest.
Fire restrictions expanded into Washoe County and Humboldt-Toiyabe Forest
Submitted by paula on Sat, 08/08/2020 - 9:07amStarting August 9, the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest is entering Stage 2 Fire Restrictions in response to the current severe risk of wildfire. Nevada is experiencing record dry conditions with much of the state in a severe drought.
Douglas County wildfire near Indian Hills extinguished
Submitted by paula on Thu, 07/23/2020 - 4:02pmUPDATE 5:57PM: Fire crews have knocked down the Topsy Fire and are mopping up hotspots, according to fire officials. The cause of the fire is under investigation. It was noted that there were a number of lightning strikes in the area shortly before the fire started.
Free virtual workshop: Learn how to harden your Lake Tahoe home against wildfire
Submitted by paula on Tue, 07/21/2020 - 9:09amEvent Date:
July 28, 2020 - 5:30pm
With the fire year underway at Lake Tahoe, it’s critical for residents to prepare their homes for wildfire. One of the most effective ways residents can prepare their homes is by implementing home hardening techniques and maintaining effective defensible space.